1.What is Kubernetes?
Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration platform used for automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. It provides tools for deploying, maintaining, and scaling applications across clusters of hosts. 2.Explain the key components of Kubernetes.
Key components of Kubernetes include:
Pods: The smallest deployable units in Kubernetes, consisting of one or more containers.
Nodes: Individual servers in a Kubernetes cluster where containers are deployed.
Control Plane: The set of components responsible for managing the cluster, including the API server, scheduler, controller manager, and etcd.
kubelet: An agent that runs on each node and ensures containers are running as expected.
kube-proxy: A network proxy that maintains network rules on nodes.
Container Runtime: The software responsible for running containers, such as Docker or containerd. 3.What are some benefits of using Kubernetes?
Benefits of Kubernetes include:
Automated container deployment and scaling.
Self-healing capabilities to ensure application reliability.
Efficient resource utilization through container orchestration.
Declarative configuration and easy scaling of applications.
Support for hybrid and multi-cloud environments.
Improved developer productivity and faster time-to-market for applications. 4. How does Kubernetes achieve high availability?
Kubernetes achieves high availability through replication and self-healing mechanisms. It automatically restarts containers that fail, reschedules them on healthy nodes, and maintains multiple copies of application instances using replicas. 5. Explain the difference between a Pod and a Deployment in Kubernetes.
A Pod is the smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes, representing one or more containers that share networking and storage resources. A Deployment is a higher-level Kubernetes resource used for managing Pods. It ensures that a specified number of Pod replicas are running and provides features like rolling updates and rollback capabilities. 6.What is a Kubernetes namespace?
A Kubernetes namespace is a virtual cluster within a Kubernetes cluster used to partition resources and provide a scope for Kubernetes objects. It allows multiple users or teams to share a Kubernetes cluster while isolating their resources and applications. 7. Describe the process of deploying an application in Kubernetes.
The process typically involves creating a container image, defining a Kubernetes manifest (such as a Deployment or Pod specification) that describes the desired state of the application, and using the kubectl apply command to deploy the application to the Kubernetes cluster. 8. What is a Service in Kubernetes?
A Kubernetes Service is an abstraction that defines a logical set of Pods and a policy for accessing them. It provides a stable endpoint (IP address and port) for accessing Pods, regardless of changes in Pod IP addresses or underlying infrastructure. 9. How does Kubernetes handle networking between Pods?
Kubernetes provides a flat network model where each Pod gets its own unique IP address. Pods can communicate with each other directly using their IP addresses. Kubernetes also manages networking using Services, which allow Pods to communicate with each other through well-defined endpoints.
10. What is a Kubernetes ConfigMap?
A Kubernetes ConfigMap is an API object used to store non-sensitive configuration data in key-value pairs. It allows you to decouple configuration from Pods and provides a way to manage configuration data separately from application code.
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